The composition and working principle of the starter and generator are as follows:
一 The composition and working principle of the starter:
Composition: The starter mainly consists of three parts: DC motor, transmission mechanism, and operating mechanism. A DC motor is responsible for converting the electrical energy input from the battery into mechanical energy, generating electromagnetic torque. The transmission mechanism includes a one-way clutch, drive gear, shift fork, etc., which is responsible for meshing the drive gear and non gear ring when starting the engine, and transmitting the starter torque to the engine crankshaft. The operating mechanism is responsible for controlling the flow of current and starting the motor.
Working principle: The starter uses electrical energy to generate mechanical force. The armature and magnetic field winding are two electromagnets inside the starter motor. The strong magnetic field generated by the magnet causes the armature to rotate, resulting in torsional force. This torsional force is transmitted to the flexplate or flywheel to assist in engine start-up.
二 The composition and working principle of the generator:
Composition: A generator generally consists of a rotor that provides a magnetic field and a stator composed of wires. The continuous rotation of the rotor in the stator causes the magnetic field to move relative to the wires, generating current.
Working principle: The working principle of the generator is based on the law of electromagnetic induction. When the magnetic field is parallel to the wire, the wire does not cut the magnetic induction line and does not generate current. When the magnetic field rotates 90 degrees and is at a right angle to the wire, the wire cuts the most magnetic induction lines and produces a positive maximum current. The direction of current flows out from the upper wire and in from the lower wire. When the magnetic field continues to rotate 90 degrees and runs parallel to the wire in the opposite direction, no current is generated inside the wire. The magnetic field continues to rotate by 90 degrees, with the direction reversed. The current generated by the wire is the maximum negative value, with the current flowing in from the upper wire and out from the lower wire.